Mismoodi mõjutab vabade litsentside juures edasikandumisklausel (copyleft) litsentsivalikut?


Copyleft


Copyleft, a play on the word "copyright," is the practice of offering users of a work the right to freely distribute and modify the original work, but only under the condition that the derivative works be licensed with the same rights. It is similar to the "Share Alike" stipulation of the Creative Commons licenses (and the SA icon resembles the copyleft icon). 

Copyleft licenses are often found on software packages but can be used on any work. The GNU General Public License, originally written by Richard Stallman, was is the first and most prominent software copyleft license.

According to the Free Software Definition, free software must fulfil 4 freedoms:

  • The freedom to run the program, for any purpose.
  • The freedom to study how the program works and adapt it to your needs. Access to the source code is a precondition for this.
  • The freedom to redistribute copies so you can help your neighbour.
  • The freedom to improve the program and release your improvements to the public so that the whole community benefits. Access to the source code is a precondition for this.

The different types of Copyleft are:

  • Public Domain Licences (MIT, BSD, Apple Public Source License, Apache) allow you to do almost anything conceivable with the program and its source code, including distributing then, selling them, using the resultant software for any purpose, incorporating into other software, or even converting copies to different licences.
  • Weak Copyleft Licences (GNU LGPL, Mozilla Public License) are free software licences that mandate that source code that descended from software licensed under them, will remain under the same, weak copyleft, licence. However, one can link to weak copyleft code from code under a different licence (including non-open-source code), or otherwise, incorporate it in a larger software.
  • Strong Copyleft Licenses (GNU GPL) go a step further from weak copyleft licences and mandate that any distributed software that links or otherwise incorporates such code be licensed under compatible licences, which are a subset of the available open-source licences. As a result, these licences have been called “viral”.
  • Extremely High Copyleft Licenses (AGPL) requires that if you run a modified program on a server and let other users communicate with it there, your server must also allow them to download the source code corresponding to the modified version running there.

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