Kaks nähtust Interneti varasemast ajaloost

           Internet Protocol version 4 (IPv4)

  • Internet was born from a research network called ARPANET i.e. a computer network funded by the Advanced Research Projects Agency of the U.S. Department of Defense. On its first day of office in 1969, ARPANET operated across 4 hosts. Each host had a unique address for online communication
  • The online addresses were identified using 8-bit numbers called the Network Control Protocol (NCP). ARPANET was thus, an 8-bit network. By 1981, it had evolved into a national network connecting 213 hosts across universities and research facilities. Soon, all kinds of networks emerged and so did the need to connect these heterogeneous networks into one big inclusive network. The idea was to maintain the heterogeneous nature of each network and also allow users to communicate across networks. To this end, the first half of the 1970s witnessed Robert Khan (DARPA) and Vint Cerf (NCP) work on a Transmission Control Program and publish their first paper in 1974
    Picture 1. IPv4 address
  • It was implemented through 4 versions, wherein the 3rd version segregated itself into Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) and Internet Protocol (IP). By 1978, the very first draft of TCP/IP v4 was published. By 1981 it became a standard and on 1st January 1983 i.e. “flag day”, ARPANET retired NCP and adopted TCP/IP



  • Today IPv6 presents a standardized solution to overcome IPv4's limitations. Because of its 128-bit address length, it can define up to 2,128 addresses.



           CERN httpd

  • CERN httpd was originally developed on a NeXT Computer running NeXTSTEP, and was later ported to other Unix-like operating systems, OpenVMS and systems with unix emulation layers, e.g. OS/2 with emx + gcc. It could also be configured as a web proxy server. Version 0.1 was released in June 1991. In August 1991, Berners-Lee announced in the Usenet newsgroup alt.hypertext the availability of the source code of the server daemon and other World Wide Web software from the CERN FTP site.
  • The original, first generation HTTP server which some call the Volkswagen of the Web.
  • The server was presented on the Hypertext 91 conference in San Antonio and was part of the CERN Program Library (CERNLIB).
  • Later versions of the server are based on the libwww library. The development of CERN httpd was later taken over by World Wide Web Consortium (W3C), with the last release being version 3.0A of 15 July 1996. From 1996 onwards, W3C focused on the development of the Java-based Jigsaw server.
  • The initial version was public domain software; the last one was under an MIT License.

Kommentaarid

Postita kommentaar

Populaarsed postitused sellest blogist

Erinevad lahendused raamatust The Case for Copyright Reform ja nende hindamine

 A Constructive Proposal For Copyright Reform In Christian Engström's and Rick Falkvinge's book - The Case for Copyright Reform, chapter 2 - A Constructive Proposal For Copyright Reform, are described six points that can help to set all non-commercial copying and use free, and also to shorten the commercial protection time. Interesting fact, in parallel, authors want to keep the commercial exclusivity in a way that allows most business models that are viable today to continue to work. Moral Rights Unchanged I agree with the authors that the work of another person or persons must always be referred to. This is a popular issue on the Internet today. I suppose that mostly this problem exists in the entertainment industry. Free Non-Commercial Sharing Book's writers think that the author should share his work for free for personal gain. Maybe here the author could decide for himself whether to distribute his work for free or to charge for it. 20 Years Of Commercial Monopoly Unde
Lisateave

Kaht tuntud IT-juhti, kes esindavad kaht erinevat juhitüüpi ülaltoodud jaotuses

  1. Tim Cook (Apple's CEO, 2011 – present) On August 24, 2011, Tim Cook was named CEO of Apple. After Apple's founder died on October 5, 2011, Steve Jobs remained successful in that position. The higher costs were building and optimizing Apple's supply chain, with Cook as CEO when Steve Jobs took medical leave in early 2011. Timothy Donald Cook was born on November 1, 1960. He attended Auburn University, earning a bachelor's degree in industrial engineering. He continued his education at Duke University, earning a master's degree in business administration. He joined Apple in March 1998, serving as senior vice president of global operations. Cook was hired to optimize Apple's supply chain, which suffered from poor production and distribution channels. Its ability to optimize the supply chain allowed Apple to market its products at competitive prices. This was best illustrated by the release of the iPad, which was introduced at a $ 499 entry price. This ability
Lisateave

Üks huvipakkuvam IT-eetikakoodeks

IT Code of Ethics from the SANS  Institute The SANS Institute was established in 1989 as a cooperative research and education organization. Its programs now reach more than 165,000 security professionals around the world. A range of individuals from auditors and network administrators to chief information security officers are sharing the lessons they learn and are jointly finding solutions to the challenges they face. At the heart of SANS are the many security practitioners in varied global organizations from corporations to universities working together to help the entire information security community. SANS is the most trusted and by far the largest source for information security training and security certification in the world. It also develops, maintains, and makes available at no cost, the largest collection of research documents about various aspects of information security, and it operates the Internet's early warning system - the Internet Storm Center. IT Code of Ethics (
Lisateave